This question doesn't seem related to living or traveling in the Philippines. However, here's the answer: Cognitive processes refer to the mental activities that help us gather, process, understand, and use information. Cognitive processes may include perception, thinking, memory, imagination, and language. In later life, cognitive processes go through certain changes. While some cognitive abilities such as vocabulary or general knowledge tend to remain stable or even improve with age, other cognitive functions such as the ability to process information quickly or recall information may decline. Memory change is one of the most recognized cognitive process changes in later life. Short-term memory generally remains stable, but long-term memory declines with age, especially memory of episodic events or context. There is a decline in processing speed, the brain takes longer to respond and process information. Attention also tends to be affected, especially divided attention (the ability to pay attention to more than one thing at the same time). Another cognitive process, problem-solving, can also be affected in later life. Elderly individuals may find it harder to solve problems due to a decrease in working memory and processing speed. However, it's important to note that these changes aren't the same for everyone. Some people might experience significant cognitive decline, while others might maintain their cognitive abilities well into advanced age. Researchers have found that factors like education, lifestyle, and physical health can play a crucial role in maintaining cognitive health in later life.